中文摘要：

根据路天煤矿16#煤层的具体条件,提出并成功实践L形巷道布置的开采方法。通过现场实测分析,研究L工作面浅埋综放开采时顶煤和顶板的垮落特征、支架的工作阻力、地表塌陷规律及填埋碾压技术等,分析L工作面顶板破裂扩展及分块垮落顺序,建立浅埋综放开采的拱–台阶岩梁组合力学模型,揭示浅埋综放的覆岩移动规律及破煤机制,并给出维护顶板稳定的支架阻力计算公式。研究结果表明：（1）L工作面开采方法是一种高效、安全、高回收率的采煤方法,采露头煤或者露天转井工开采时可以借鉴;（2）在合适的煤层条件下,浅埋深放顶煤开采在技术上是可行的;（3）周期来压步距随覆盖层厚度的增加呈增大的趋势;（4）工作面中部周期来压显现明显;（5）地表变形垮落可分为4个阶段,填埋碾压应分2个阶段进行;（6）为提高端面顶板和煤壁的稳定性,应提高支架初撑力。研究结果对类似条件下的开采方法及矿压规律研究具有积极的指导意义。

英文摘要：

Based on the conditions of #16 coal seam of Lutian coal mine,a new mining method adopting the roadway layout with L-shape is proposed and carried out successfully. The caving characteristics of the top coal and roof,the working resistances of the powered support,the subsidence and collapse rules of the ground surface,the backfill and the roller compaction technology and the other aspects of the fully-mechanized top coal caving for the shallow-buried thick coal seam are studied by field observation. The evolution of the roof rupture and collapse is analyzed. The mechanical model of arch and step voussoir beam combination is established. The movement law of overlying strata and the crushing mechanism of the top coal are revealed;and the powered support resistance formula for controlling roof stability is put forward. The study results show as follows：（1） The mining method of L-shaped working face is a kind of method with high efficiency,safety and high recovery;it is a meaningful reference to outcrop mining or transition from open-pit to underground mining. （2） It is feasible in technology to use fully-mechanized sublevel caving mining for the shallow-buried thick coal seam under the appropriate mining conditions. （3） The periodic weighting step distance increases with the increasing thickness of overlying strata. （4） The periodic weighting is obvious in the middle of working face. （5） The subsidence and collapse of the ground surface can be divided into 4 stages;the backfills and the roller compaction should be divided into 2 stages. （6） In order to enhance the stabilities of the roof and the coal wall,it is essential to increase the initial supporting force of powered support. The results can be referred for further studies in similar conditions.