中文摘要：

为了观察研究ns脉冲电场（ns PEFs）导致肿瘤微环境变化对肿瘤消融效果的影响,设计进行了细胞实验和动物实验。细胞实验是利用ns脉冲电场电击人肝癌细胞HCCLM3细胞,通过流式细胞仪和CCK-8法分别检测电击后肿瘤细胞的凋亡坏死和增殖抑制情况。动物实验是通过苏木精-伊红（HE）染色法观察实验组肿瘤内的炎性细胞浸润情况和肝脏血管管腔电击后的凝血栓塞情况。实验结果表明：当脉冲数n较小（n=6、12）时,细胞凋亡坏死较少;当脉冲数n加大（n=18、30）时,细胞凋亡坏死明显增加且24 h时间后的增殖率明显降低;电击处理大鼠肝脏后发现电场作用范围内的血管出现广泛凝血栓塞;实验组裸鼠肿瘤体积逐渐缩小成疤痕状,肿瘤内出现大片坏死伴弥漫炎性细胞浸润。可得结论：ns脉冲电场对皮下肿瘤消融过程中主要引起3个方面的微环境变化从而有助于对局部肿瘤的控制,包括电场本身引起的部分肿瘤细胞即时坏死凋亡、肿瘤供血血管栓塞导致的继发性肿瘤缺血坏死、富集的炎性细胞引起的肿瘤自我消亡。

英文摘要：

To observe the effect of tumor ablation by using nanosecond pulsed electric fields（ns PEFs） to vary tumor microenvironment, we designed experiments in both vitro and vivo. In the experiments in vitro, we treated human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HCCLM3 with ns PEFs, and then detected the apoptosis rate and proliferation rate using flow cytometry and CCK–8 assay, respectively. The experiments in vivo included the observation of infiltration of inflammatory cell inside the tumor on nude mice and the coagulation embolism of the treated part of rat liver by Harris Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） Staining. The results showed that the apoptosis rate was relatively lower when tumor cells were treated with 6 and 12 pulses, compared with the significantly increased apoptosis rate and proliferation inhibition after 24 hours when increasing the pulse number to 18 and 30. In vivo, wide coagulation embolism was found in the treated rats＇ livers, and the tumor volume of the experimental group gradually was narrowed into scar shape along with diffused necrosis of tumor cells and the infiltration of inflammatory cells inside the tumor. It is concluded that three ——changes of tumor microenvironment mainly enhance the ablation of tumor mass in ns PEFs treatment： the early apoptosis and necrosis of tumor cells, the secondary necrosis of tumor caused by vascular embolism, and the self-destruction are induced by the enriched inflammatory cells inside tumors.