中文摘要：

目的探讨以问题为基础的教学法（problem-based learning,PBL）在呼吸内科临床实习中的应用价值。方法 97名实习生随机分成PBL组（n=55）和对照组（n=42）进入呼吸内科实习,分别给予不同的教学方法,观察实习的总体印象和出科考试成绩。结果 PBL组总体印象优于对照组;PBL组总得分、选择题得分、填空题得分、名词解释得分以及分析题得分,分别与对照组比较（79.25±8.63 vs 67.36±13.01;13.36±3.19 vs10.40±2.44;33.58±4.66 vs 30.98±5.72;17.44±2.59 vs 14.36±4.19;14.73±3.11 vs 12.14±4.95）差异显著（P〈0.05）。结论 PBL有利于提高学生的学习兴趣、积极性以及教学成绩,值得在呼吸内科临床教学中推广。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the value of the problem-based learning （ PBL） in the clinical clerkship in the department of respiratory medicine. Methods 97 trainees in the department of respiratory medicine were ran-domly divided into two groups and given different teaching methods in the PBL group （n=55） and the control group （n=42）, respectively. The overall impression and the test scores were observed in both groups. Results The over-all impression in the PBL group was better than that in the control group. There were significant differences in the to-tal score （79. 25 ± 8. 63 vs 67. 36 ± 13. 01）, the multiple-choice score （13. 36 ± 3. 19 vs 10. 40 ± 2. 44）, the score of the fill-in-the-blanks test （33. 58 ± 4. 66 vs 30. 98 ± 5. 72）, the score of the term explains test （17. 44 ± 2. 59 vs 14. 36 ± 4. 19） and the score of the case analysis questions （14. 73 ± 3. 11 vs 12. 14 ± 4. 95） between the PBL group and the control group （all P〈0. 05）. Conclusion PBL can improve the students＇ interest in learning, motivation and teaching achievements, and be worthy of promotion in the clinical teaching of the respiratory medicine.