中文摘要：

当前，对外生和内生激励的研究已取得了一定的成果。外生激励与内生激励存在着概念、本质和功效上的差异。内生激励是指人们发现该行为本身有趣并且可以从行为中获得满足，而外生激励是指人们在行为发生之后，会从与行为本身无关的一些外界回报（如物质奖励）中获得满足，两种激励机制下的管理风格各不相同。外生激励对内生激励可能存在着“挤入”或“挤出”两种效应。随着个体对外部的认知能力提升以及自我的发展的需要，外生激励会逐步内化。未来应该在个体感知的外生激励信息反馈、外生激励内化的情景因素、外生激励内化的个体因素、外生激励与内生激励的组织实证研究这四个方向进一步加以研究。

英文摘要：

Achievements have been made in the field of extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation. There are many differences between the two kinds of motivations in conception, essence and func- tions. Intrinsic motivation involves people doing an activity because they find it interesting and derive spontaneous satisfaction from the activity itself. Extrinsic motivation, in contrast, requires an instru- mentality between the activity and some separable consequences such as rewards. These two motiva- tion theories tend to parallel two managerial strategies： scientific management and participative man- agement. Some researchers find that extrinsic motivation may undermine or enhance intrinsic motiva- tion, and extrinsic motivation may be internalized into intrinsic motivation with the development of in- dividual＇s cognitive ability and self--efficacy. Future studies could focus on such topics： perceived feedback implied by the extrinsic motivation~ certain factors of social context and individual level which affect internalization of extrinsic motivation and empirical research on extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation.