中文摘要：

对湖南省内高速公路追尾碰撞事故案例进行了统计分析;对高速公路上货车安装后下部防护架的情况进行了道路抽样测量,结果表明现有后防护装置约三分之二不符合法规要求,易发生钻入碰撞,造成乘用车乘员的严重伤亡。开展了槽钢、矩形钢管和钢板折弯三种结构后防护装置的实车追尾碰撞试验,建立了乘用车-货车和刚性MB追尾碰撞有限元模型,进行了不同车速和不同离地高度下的动态仿真计算。研究表明,现有的后防护架结构整体刚度设计不合理,GB 11567.2-2001不能完全满足目前的道路运行条件,应该开展相应的修订研究工作。

英文摘要：

Statistics and analysis were conducted for car-to-truck rear impact accidents on highway of Hunan province.And measurements and statistics of rear guards were conducted on highways.It is found that more than 2/3 of the rear guards can not satisfy the national requirements.The results show the passenger compartment of a car will deform so seriously that it causes severe or fatal injuries for the occupants.In order to verify the effectiveness of 3 typical rear guard structures,including channel steel,rectangular steel and bent steel plate,three groups of rear-end crash experiments were conducted.Based on the tests＇ results,A FE model of car-truck and rigid MB rear end impact were built,and simulated with different crash velocity and ground.The results of the tests and simulations show that the stiffness of the existing rear guard is too large to absorb enough energy and prevent the intrusion of the passenger compartment at a higher speed.And it is demonstrated that the national requirement GB11567.2-2001 will be further studied and amended because it can not represent the real world situations.