中文摘要：

我国空气、水和土壤的污染对人体健康已经造成了严重的危害，尤其是空气的污染对国民健康的危害更为突出。本文介绍了空气颗粒物PM10、PM2.5的理化特征；PM10、PM2.5及其主要成分与心肺疾病死亡发病、早期损伤（肺功能下降、心率变异性下降和DNA损伤）的剂量-反应关系；遗传变异、表观遗传改变在空气颗粒物相关的化学代谢成分致心肺早期健康危害中的作用。

英文摘要：

Heath issues caused by air pollution such as particulate matter （PM） are much concerned and focused among air, water and soil pollutions because human breathe air for whole life span. Present comments will review physical and chemical characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10; Dose-response associations of PM10, PM2.5 and their components with mortality and risk of cardiopulmonary diseases, early health damages such as the decrease of lung functions and heart rate variability, DNA damage; And the roles of genetic variations and epigenetic changes in lung functions and heart rate variability, DNA damage related to PMs and their components. This comments list some limitations and perspectives about the associations of air pollution with health.