中文摘要：

果蝇作为一种模式生物，具有生命周期短、繁殖力强、基因保守性高等特点。目前，果蝇已广泛应用于药理学和疾病机制研究中，涵盖衰老、神经退行性疾病、失眠、肿瘤等领域，在加快药物筛选速度和靶点发现等方面显示出潜在的应用价值。笔者就果蝇作为模式生物的优势、在药理学研究中的应用及局限性3个方面展开综述。

英文摘要：

As a model organism, Drosophila melanogaster has the characteristics of short life cycle, high fecundity and high gene conservation. At present, Drosophila melanogaster has been widely used in the studies of pharmacology and pathogenesis, including ag- ing, neurodegenerative disease, insomnia, tumor and other fields, which show potential values in accelerating the speed of drug screen- ing and target discovery. In this paper, the advantages of Drosophila as a model organism, the applications and limitations of Drosophila in pharmacological studies were reviewed.