中文摘要：

目的研制可提高荒漠型黑热病婴儿利什曼原虫分离率的培养基。方法荒漠型黑热病患者的感染材料，分别接种3N培养基、RPMI-1640完全培养基、配方1、配方2和配方3培养基，观察比较利什曼原虫在5种培养基的培养、分离、传代和保存效果。比较5个温度条件下前鞭毛体在配方3的生长曲线。结果婴JLN什曼原虫在5种培养基培养13d的培养效果基本一致，第3d出现前鞭毛体，第7d达到高峰，第13d几乎全部凋亡。用5种培养基每7d传代培养1次，除配方3能延续传代保存前鞭毛体外，其他4种培养基在传代培养过程中前鞭毛体逐渐丢失。用配方3培养前鞭毛体，20～30℃在第6d出现生长峰值；20℃在第20d出现第二个峰值；10℃和14℃在12d和第20d分别出现第一个和第二个峰值，最长可维持到第37d。结论3N培养基、RPMI-1640完全培养基、配方1、配方2和配方3培养基均适用于婴儿利什曼原虫的前期培养，第3d就可以判断是否有前鞭毛体生长，但只有配方3培养基具有延续传代培养婴JLN什曼原虫的效果。

英文摘要：

Objective The aim of this study was to develop a novel medium to improve the isolation of Leishmania infantum from patients with zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis. Methods The effectiveness of isolation, culturing, and preservation of L. infantum was observed and compared in five types of media： i.e. NNN medium, RPMI-1640 medium, and original medium 1, original medium 2, and original medium 3. Tissue from a patient with visceral leishmaniasis was seeded into the 5 types of culture media. The growth curve for L. infanturn promastigotes in medium 3 was compared at 10 ℃, 14 ℃ , 20 ℃ , 25 ℃ , and 30 ℃. Results There were no significant differences in the culturing and transfer of L. infantum from infected tissue on day 13 after seeding. Promastigotes were noted on day 3, growth peaked on day 7, and most promastigotes lost viability on day 13. When promastigotes were subcultured every 7 days, only original medium 3 facilitated continuous growth of the L. infantum promastigotes, while promastigotes gradually lost viability in the other media. With original medium 3, promastigote growth peaked on day 6 at temperatures of 20 ℃and 30 ℃. Growth peaked again on day 20 at a temperature of 20 ℃. Growth peaked once on day 12 at a temperature of 10 ℃ and it peaked again on day 20 at a temperature of 14 ℃. Promastigote growth was sustained for up to 37 days. Conclusion The 3 N medium, RPMI-1640 culture medium, and original medium 1, original medium 2, and original medium 3 were suitable for pre-cul turing of L. infantum. Whether the transfer of promastigotes was successful or not was determined on day 3. Only original medium 3 facilitated continuous subculturing of L. infantum.