中文摘要：

本文通过自然茶园采样，实验室模拟实验，研究了6个茶园土壤铝氟的吸附特征。不同茶园土壤对铝氟的吸附速率均是先快后慢，但吸附平衡时间有一定差异，铝在40min左右即可达吸附平衡，氟在50min内可达吸附平衡；不同茶园土壤对铝氟的吸附动力学过程均可以用Elovich方程和双常数方程描述。在实验浓度范围内，随吸附液氟初始浓度的增加，茶园土壤对氟的吸附量均呈上升趋势。在吸附液氟初始浓度〈5mmol·L^-1时，茶园土壤对氟的吸附量增加很快，当吸附液氟初始浓度〉5mmol·L^-1后，茶园土壤对氰的吸附量增加趋于平缓。不同茶园土壤对氟的吸附热力学特征均可用Langmuir方程、Freundlich方程和Temkin方程描述，由Langmuir方程所得茶园土壤氟的理论最大吸附量在333～1110mg·kg^-1之间。在实验浓度范围内，随吸附液铝初始浓度的增加，茶园土壤对铝的吸附量均呈显著上升趋势，但不同茶园土壤对铝的吸附量差异较小，Temkin方程可用于描述茶园土壤铝的吸附热力学特征。

英文摘要：

The characteristics of adsorption of fluoride and aluminum in the soils from six tea gardens were studied by the simulated test in laboratory. The adsorbing rate of fluoride and aluminum was different for the six tea garden soils, but all was fast at the beginning and later on was slow, and the time of adsorption equilibrium were all less than 40 min for aluminum and 50 min for fluoride. The two dynamics equations of Elovich and double - constant could be used to describe the characteristics of dynamics of fluoride and aluminum in the six tea garden soils. The amounts of adsorption for fluoride in the tea garden soils increased with increasing the beginning concentration of fluoride within the test concentration, but the adsorption amounts raised sharply when the beginning concentrations of fluoride were lower than 2 mmol · L^-1 and increased slowly when the beginning concentrations higher than 5 mmol · L^-1. The thermodynamics equations of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin all could be used to describe the characteristics of thermodynamics of fluoride in the six tea garden soils, the maximum amounts of adsorption for fluoride in the tea garden soils obtained from the value of M of Langmuir equation ranged from 333 to 1 110 mg · kg^-1. The adsorption amounts of aluminum in the tea garden soils increased continuously with increasing the beginning concentration of aluminum within the test concentration. Only Temkin equation could be used to describe the characteristics of thermodynamics of aluminum in these tea garden soils.