中文摘要：

强制分布评价法在提高绩效水平上有着突出的优势，但同时也存在着引发不公平感与破坏性竞争，提高企业相关成本的风险。对于这个充满争议的绩效考核方法，学者们开始关注其有效性，并对其影响因素进行研究。本文从强制分布评价法有效性的研究背景出发，通过对强制分布评价法有效性的相关研究进行梳理，总结出影响强制分布评价法有效性的四大影响因素，包括环境、操作、考核者和被考核者四个方面，并指出企业在实施强制分布评价法时可以通过企业文化匹配『生、设计合理性以及加入团队指数考核等方面来提高考核的有效性，最后总结得出关于强制分布评价法有效性的实践启示与方向展望。

英文摘要：

Forced Distribution Rating System （ FDRS ） has a prominent advantage on improving the performance level, but it also has the risks of causing unfairness and destructive competition and increasing the relevant costs of enterprises. Regarding this controversial performance appraisal method, scholars began to pay attention to its effectiveness, and to study its impact factors. Based on the research background of the effectiveness of the FDRS, this paper summarizes the four influencing factors that affect the effectiveness of the FDRS, including environmental, operational, the raters and ratees. And then we point out that enterprises can improve the effectiveness of FDRS through the aspects of the corporate culture＇ s fitness, design rationality and team index assessment. Finally, we give practical implications and research prospects on the effectiveness of FDRS.