中文摘要：

背景与目的：哈萨克族食管癌发病率高于汉族。Eph A2是在促红细胞生成素产生肝细胞（erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular,Eph）中发现的具有酪氨酸酶活性的基因编码产物,与多种恶性肿瘤有关。本研究拟采用免疫组化法及酶联免疫吸附实验法（ELISA）检测Eph A2蛋白在哈萨克族和汉族食管鳞癌患者肿瘤组织及血清中的表达,从而探讨Eph A2蛋白在新疆哈萨克族和汉族食管鳞癌组织和血清中表达水平的差异及其与临床病理特征之间的关系。方法：采用免疫组织化学法检测Eph A2蛋白在100例新疆哈萨克族和汉族食管鳞癌组织（患者组）及其对应的癌旁食管组织（对照组,距瘤〉5 cm）中的表达;并采用ELISA法测定患者组血清中Eph A2蛋白含量及60名体检健康者（健康对照组）血清中Eph A2蛋白表达水平。结果：Eph A2蛋白在哈萨克族患者食管鳞癌组织及对应癌旁组织中阳性表达率分别为72.0%和28.0%,在汉族中分别为62.0%和26.0%,在两民族中该蛋白在食管鳞癌组织及对应癌旁组织中的表达差异均有统计学意义（P=0.000）。Eph A2蛋白在哈萨克族患者组及健康对照组血清中的表达水平分别为（58.36±12.60）和（29.39±7.34）pg/m L,在汉族中分别为（58.79±13.29）和（29.39±7.34）pg/m L,该蛋白在患者组及健康对照组血清含量差异均有统计学意义（P=0.000）。在两民族食管癌组织中,Eph A2蛋白的表达水平与淋巴结转移、TNM分期及肿瘤浸润深度有关（P〈0.05）。在两民族食管鳞癌患者血清中,Eph A2蛋白的表达水平与TNM分期均有关（P〈0.05）,而在哈萨克族食管癌患者血清中,该蛋白表达水平还与肿瘤的浸润深度有关（P=0.001）。Eph A2蛋白在哈萨克族和汉族食管鳞癌组织标本和血清中的表达水平差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：Eph A2蛋白的高表达可能促进哈萨克族和汉族食管癌的发生、浸

英文摘要：

Background and purpose： The incidence of esophageal cancer of Kazakh race is higher than that of Han people. EphA2, as a member of Eph protein family, is related to a variety of malignant tumors. This study used immunohistochemical method and enzyme-linked immunoassay to detect EphA2 in tissues and serums of Kazakh and Han patients. Therefore to analyze the expression differences of EphA2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） tissues and serum of Kazakh and Han patients in Xinjiang, and the relationship with pathological features. Methods： The expression of EphA2 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry method in 100 cases of ESCC tissues and adjacent normal esophageal tissues; Then was tested by ELISA in those cases＇ serum and 60 healthy persons. Results： The positive expression rate of EphA2 protein in ESCC and corresponding adjacent tissues were 72.0%, 28.0% in Kazakh, and 62.0%, 26.0% in Han people, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant （P=0.000） in the 2 nations. EphA2 protein levels in serum of ESCC and healthy persons, and Kazakh were （58.364±12.60） and （29.394±7.34） pg/mL, Han Chinese were （58.794±13.29） and （29.394±7.34） pg/mL respectively, there were statistical significance （P=0.000）. In ESCC of Kazakh and Han people, EphA2 protein expression had relationship with lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and tumor depth of invasion （P〈0.05）. In the serum of Kazakh and Han ESCC patients, the expression of EphA2 protein was related to TNM stage （P〈0.05）, while in the Kazakh esophageal cancer, the expression level was also correlated with the depth of tumor invasion （P=0.001）. The positive expression rates of EphA2 protein in Kazakh and Han ESCC specimens were 72.0% and 62.0%, respectively; the protein level in the serum of patients in the 2 nations were （58.364±12.60） and （58.794±13.29） pg/mL, respectively. The protein levels in tissues and serum of the 2 different nations has no statistical significance （P?