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中文摘要：
为了充分了解煤矿冲击性灾害的发生机理,探讨了硐室开挖前后应力分布及其变化规律.结合原始地应力数据,通过室内岩石力学模拟实验,获得了不同岩性特征及受力状态下,岩石破坏的不同表现模式.根据硐室围岩破裂源的空间位置,将冲击灾害划分为岩爆、冲击地压和矿震三大类.分析了三类冲击灾害的发生机理、孕育过程及宏观特征.
英文摘要：
The law of stress distribution and its variation in rock roadway before and after excavation were studied so as to probe clearly the mechanism of impacting disasters in coal mines. Based on original in-situ stress data, rock damage modes under different rock characteristics and stress states were obtained by indoor rock mechanics simulation test. According to the location of rupture sources, impacting disasters had been divided into rock burst, pressure bump and mine earthquake. The mechanism, process and macro-characteristics of the three kinds of impacting disasters were analyzed.
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