中文摘要：

追求更高的资源利用效率是城市旅游发展的目标，城市旅游效率评价是城市进行旅游发展资源投入的依据。利用数据包络分析方法（Data Envelopment Analysis，以下简称DEA），以2005年中国58个主要城市为对象，对这些城市旅游效率的统计特征、分组特征、阶段特征和分解效率对总效率的贡献进行了评价。结果显示：该时期大多数城市的旅游处于无效率状态，且总体水平较低，平均值仅为0．44；从旅游发展的阶段上看，处于经济发达地区的城市更容易进入旅游发展的规模收益递减阶段；规模效率对总效率的影响和制约程度最强，其次是技术效率和利用效率。从我国城市旅游发展的阶段特征出发，对上述特征形成的原因进行了解释，认为现阶段中国区域经济发展的不平衡性是导致旅游效率总体水平偏低的根本原因，并对研究结果的政策含义进行了讨论。

英文摘要：

It is a major purpose for urban economic development to achieve much higher tourism resources usage efficiency, which is also an important index to evaluate the level of urban tourism. In the present work, the authors performed a study on the efficiency of 58 primary tourism cities in China by using the Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） to evaluate the tourism efficiency of these cities in 2005, on the basis of which, statistical characteristics, grouping characteristics, stage characteristics and the contribution of the tributary efficiency to the total efficiency were analyzed in detail. Results showed that most of these cities in year 2005 were undergoing relatively low tourism efficiency, even an inefficiency level, with showing a medium value of only 0.44. Regarding the characteristics of developmental stages, it is much easier for the cities located in developed regions to enter a stage for progressively decreasing benefits from tourism development. Concerning the impacts resulting from their decompositions, the scale efficiency was higher than the technological efficiency as well as congestion efficiency. In addition, it was found that the contribution of technological efficiency was higher than congestion efficiency. Based on the analysis of their development stages, the reasons of these characteristics were carefully examined. It was concluded that an imbalanced development of regional economy at current stages COuld be ascribed to the overall low tourism efficiency in China. Based on this, it was suggested that the economic level in eastern China be much higher than the middle and western China, so the cities in these regions can invest much more resources in tourism. In contrast, the cities in undeveloped regions cannot provide resources of the same amount as developed regions. As a result, the cities in undeveloped regions cannot achieve a much higher efficiency at this stage. Moreover, measures for improving tourism efficiency of cities in different regions in China were discussed in detail. That i