中文摘要：

从流域水文过程与植被相互作用规律、流域生态水文模型、流域生态水文对气候变化的响应三个方面,对国内外相关研究现状进行了总结分析。从中发现,当前流域水文学正在从以单一水循环过程为主要研究对象发展成以研究水分、能量与物质耦合循环以及水文过程与生态过程的相互作用等为主要内容的综合性、交叉性学科。现关于流域水文过程与植被之间的关系研究多集中于单向作用的研究,如水文过程对植被的影响研究和植被变化对水文过程的影响研究,而对水文过程与植被之间的反馈机制以及对流域内土壤-植被-大气复杂系统的整体研究不足,缺乏对流域水文过程与植被相互作用机理的全面认识。有研究表明,气候变化已经影响到流域水文过程和植被生长,气候变化下的流域生态水文响应是水文学研究的前沿课题。水文学需要强化对流域生态水文机理的研究,只有在充分揭示流域生态水文机理的前提下,才能预测未来气候变化下的流域生态水文响应。生态最优性原理能够解释植被对外界环境变化的响应,从而被应用于描述植被与水文过程的相互作用。基于生态最优性原理的流域生态水文模型已逐渐成为生态水文学的研究热点之一。

英文摘要：

Based on a comprehensive literature review,this study summarizes the research status of ecohydrology from three aspects： the mechanism of interaction between catchment hydrological processes and vegetation,catchment ecohydrological model,and ecohydrological response to the climate change.For a long period,catchment hydrology focuses on the water cycle only,however,it is moving to an interdiscipline of the water,energy and mass cycles and the interaction with ecosystem.Ecohydrology is one of the trends of hydrological sciences.At present,studies on the interaction between hydrological processes and vegetation are mainly focused on the one-way effect analysis,e.g.,impact of hydrological processes on vegetation or impact of vegetation on hydrological processes.It lacks of the research on interaction between hydrological processes and vegetation,and there are no enough understandings of the catchment soil-vegetation-atmosphere system.It has been reported by many researches that climate change is impacting significantly on the catchment hydrological processes and vegetation growth;therefore,study on the ecohydrological response to the climate change is a front topic of hydrology.In order to predict the future ecological trend under climate change,it requires enhance process study on the catchment ecohydrology.Ecological optimality principle can be used to explain the response of vegetation to the environment changes,and has been widely used for characterizing interaction between the vegetation and hydrological processes.Development of the ecohydrological model based on the optimality principle is one of the hot topics in ecohydrology.