中文摘要：

研究目标：政府研发补贴、研发活动加计扣除税收减免以及高技术企业税收减免对企业研发效率的影响。研究方法：应用随机前沿模型（SFA）测度和比较中国各省份大中型工业企业的研发效率并检验三种财政激励政策对研发效率的影响。研究发现：各省份大中型工业企业研发效率逐年提高，但省份间整体研发效率差距较大，且东部沿海地区研发效率整体较中西部地区高；政府研发补贴和企业研发活动加计扣除减免都与研发效率呈稳定负相关，而高新技术企业税收减免与研发效率则呈稳定正相关。研究创新：从效率角度探究我国当前三种主要财政激励政策对企业研发绩效的影响。研究价值：从新的视角为我国未来财政政策如何定位和设计实施提供经验证据。

英文摘要：

Research Objectives： The effects of government subsidy, R＆D tax credit and high-tech enterprises tax credit on R＆D efficiency. Research Methods： Stochastic Frontier Analysis （SFA） is applied to calculate and compare the R＆D efficiency. Research Findings： Large- and-Medium enterprises＇ R＆D efficiency in provincial level increases gradually but differ much from each other, and R＆D efficiency in eastern-and-coastal provinces is higher than that in central-and-western provinces as a whole; government subsidy and R＆D tax credit are both negatively correlated to R＆D efficiency steadily, but high-tech enterprises tax credit is positively correlated to R＆D efficiency steadily. Research Innovations： Researching the effect of three kinds of fiscal policies on R＆D in the perspective of R＆D efficiency. Research Value： Providing empirical evidence for further orientation of fiscal policy-making and pollcy-designing from new perspective.