中文摘要：

目的：筛选绝经后骨质疏松症高危人群的危险因素。方法：对1740例绝经后骨质疏松症高危者进行双能X线吸收仪骨密度检测，对符合标准者进行现场问卷调查。采用多分类logistic回归方法分析绝经后骨质疏松症与危险因素之间的定量关系，建立多项Logit模型。结果：模型最终引入的变量有绝经年限、体重指数、鱼类膳食、是否变矮、是否绝经和生产次数。结论：绝经是绝经后骨质疏松症的主要危险因素，低体重指数也是绝经后骨质疏松症发病的危险因素；鱼类膳食和绝经后骨质疏松症发病之间均存在负相关性，是绝经后骨质疏松症的保护性因素。

英文摘要：

This study was aimed to screen out risk factors associated with occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis. All 1740 women with high postmenopausal osteoporosis risk factors were selected to accept the bone mineral density examination. Then, a screening questionnaire survey was conducted. The quantitative relation between risk factors and postmenopausal osteoporosis was analyzed with multinomial logistic regression. The results showed that including duration of menopause, body mass index, fish diet, whether height shorten, whether menopause, and previous obstetric history. It was concluded that menopause was a main risk factor for PMOP, and low body mass index was also a risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis. A negative correlation exists between postmenopausal osteoporosis and fish diet, which is a protective factor for PMOP