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锂离子电池负极材料的分子设计与新材料研究进展

ISSN号：1005-023X
期刊名称：材料导报
时间：2013
页码：1-5
分类：TM27[电气工程—电工理论与新技术;一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]
作者机构：[1]Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials,School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, SouthChina Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China, [2]Engineering Research Center of Materials and Technology forElectrochemical Energy Storage Ministry of Education, SouthChina Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China, [3]School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, WuyiUniversity, Jiangmen 529020, China
相关基金：This work was supported by the National Nat- ural Science Foundation of China （51201066 and 511710651, the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province （S2012020 010937 and 103510631010000011, the Scientific and Technological Plan of Guangdong Province （2013B010403032） and the Education Department of Guangdong Province Science and Technology Inno- vation Project （2013KJCX0183）.
相关项目：高容量型纳米ZnMeFe2O4/C核壳结构材料的设计与嵌脱锂机理研究

关键词：纳米复合材料, 四氧化三铁, 锂离子电池, 负极材料, 碳包覆, 辅助合成, PEG, 软模板, Anode materials Fe3O4@C nanocomposite Hydrothermal method Amorphouscarbon layer

中文摘要：

采用水热法成功合成Fe3O4@C复合物，利用x射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜等手段表征了其形貌和结构．负极材料Fe3O4@C纳米复合物展现了好的循环性能、高的可逆比容量（在电流密度为50 mA／g的条件下，50次循环以后可逆比容量仍达到960mAh／g）、优异的倍率性能（在电流密度1000mA／g充放电条件下，可逆比容量高达650mAh／g）以及稳定的循环性能（50次循环后的比容量损失率低于2．4％）．纳米复合物好优良电化学性能归功予以下2点：（1）30-50nm的球状结构提供了短的扩散通道，无定形碳层不仅在充放电过程中为体积的膨胀提供了缓冲空间而且加强了Fe3O4@C碳棒的导电性能；（2）Fe3O4@C碳的共同作用可以避免Fe3O4@C直接与电解液接触，并且增强纳米复合物整体结构的稳定性．作为锂离子电池负极材料，Fe3O4@C复合材料被认为是高能量锂离子动力电池的理想选择之一．

英文摘要：

Carbon-encapsulated Fe3O4 composites were successfully fabricated via hydrothermal method and ex- amined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The Fe3O4@C nanocomposite as an anode material with novel structure demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance, with enhanced specific reversible current density of 50 mA/g capacity （950 mAh/g at the after 50 cycles）, remarkable rate capability （more than 650 mAh/g even at the current density of 1,000 mAJg） and good cycle ability with less capacity fading （2.4 % after 50 cycles）. Two factors have been attributed to the ultrahigh electrochemical perfor- mance： Firstly, the 30- to 50-nm spherical structure with a short diffusion pathway and the amorphous carbon layer could not only provide extra space for buffering the volumetric change during the continuous charging-dis- charging but also improve the whole conductivity of the Fe3O4@C nanocomposite electrode; secondly, the syner- gistic effects of Fe304 and carbon could avoid Fe304 direct exposure to the electrolyte and maintain the structural stabilization of Fe3O4@C nanocomposite. It was suggested that the Fe3O4@C nanocomposite could be suitable as analternative anode for lithium-ion batteries with a high ap- plication potential.