中文摘要：

合理配置化肥资源对增加我国农业产出、改善农业生态环境意义重大。在化肥总投入量不变的约束条件下，为了提高化肥的配置效率、实现农业经济持续增长、最大限度地减少环境污染，基于农业增产和环境保护视角，利用边际效益理论对我国的化肥投入状况进行了研究。结果表明：2000--2014年我国农业产出回报率和环境优化弹性存在显著的区域差异，经过优化后的农业产出增长率显著提高，农业生态环境得到明显改善。从政府和农户层面提出了相应的对策措施。

英文摘要：

ionl lloion of hemil feihze eoue w of ge ignifine o inee he giulul oupu nd impove he giul- ul eologil envionmen. In ode o impove he lloion effiieny of hemil feilize nd hieve uinle eonomi gowh nd minimize envionmenl polluion unde he onin of he ol inpu of hemil feilize, hi ppe, ed on he giulul poduion nd envionmen- l poeion pepeive, udied on hemil feilize inpu in hin y uing mginl effiieny heoy. he eul howed h hee wee ignifi- n egionl diffeene in he e of eun of giulul oupu nd he opiml eliiy of envionmen eween 2000 nd 2014, nd he gowh e of giulul oupu fe opimizion w ignifinly impoved, nd he giulul eologil envionmen w lo impoved oviouly. Finl- ly, he oeponding ounemeue wee pu fowd fom he govenmen nd fme.