中文摘要：

针对农业大棚无线传感器网络监测系统出现的节点负载不均衡、负载大的节点寿命短、节点间链路质量差、丢包和误码较为频繁、数据包时间延迟较严重等现象,利用蚁群能够发现从巢穴到食物源之间最优路径的特性,提出一种新的蚁群汇聚树路由协议ACA-CTP（Ant Colony Algorithm Collection Tree Protocol）。该算法将蚂蚁信息素、节点间链路质量、数据包时延等3个指标作为算法优化因子,改进蚁群算法的路径概率选择策略,并将改进后的蚁群算法与CTP路由协议相结合,在TinyOS平台上使用NesC语言实现新的路由协议。ACA-CTP路由协议利用改进后蚁群算法的全局寻优能力和快速收敛性,在源节点和目的节点间选择最优路由路径,保证监测数据实时准确地传输至监控平台。仿真结果表明：该算法延长了网络生存周期,降低了数据包传输时延和网络丢包率。

英文摘要：

Aiming at the phenomena of node＇s unbalanced load, the shorter life of the heavier load, poor inter-node link quality with packet loss and frequent bit errors and severe packet delay appearing on the Agricultural Greenhouse Wireless Sensor Network Monitoring System, a new ant colony algorithm collection tree routing protocol ACA CTP was presented, which takes advantage of the characteristics that the ant colony can find the optimal path from the nest to the food source. The algorithm takes three indexes which are ant pheromones, node link quality and packet delay as algorithm optimization factors to improve the path probability selection strategy of Ant Colony Algorithm, combines the improved Ant Colony Algo- rithm with Collection Tree Protocol and is implemented by using NesC language in TinyOS system. ACA CTP Routing Protocol select the optimal routing path between the source and destination nodes to ensure the monitoring data an accurate and real-time transmission to the monitoring platform through the global optimization ability and fast convergence of the improved Ant Colony Algorithm. Simulation results show that ACA CTP algorithm extends the network lifetime and reduces the packet transmission delay and packet loss rate.