中文摘要：

用废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫为原料．通过微波反应器制备对硝基苯甲酸，探讨了影响对硝基苯甲酸产率的因素．如硝酸的质量浓度和用量、反应压力和时间、微波反应器功率、催化剂用量等。结果表明，在反应压力2．0MPa、反应温度200℃、反应时间60min、硝酸的质量浓度68g／mL、微波反应器功率1200W、硝酸与对硝基聚苯乙烯的质量比5．0：1．0、催化剂用量为对硝基聚苯乙烯质量的0．1％的最优条件下．对硝基苯甲酸的产率可达85％，产品纯度为99．4％。

英文摘要：

The preparation of ρ-nitrobenzoic acid from waste polystyrene foam by microwave reactor was studied. The effect factors such as mass concentration and dosage of nitric acid, reaction pressure, reaction time, the power of microwave reactor and catalyst dosage on yield of ρ-nitrobenzoic acid were investigated. The results show that the yield and purity of ρ-nitrobenzoic acid are 85% and 99.4% respectively when reaction pressure is 2.0 MPa, reaction temperature is 200℃. reaction time is 60 min, mass concentration of nitric acid is 68 g/mL, power of microwave reactor is 1 200 W. mass ratio of nitric acid to ρ-nitro polystyrene is 5.0 ： 1.0 and mass of catalyst is 0.1 % of mass of p-nitro polystyrene.