中文摘要：

本文估算了2005年中国国家尺度上77种元素的流动情况,并与全球尺度进行了对比。结果表明：①就元素流动规模顺序而言,中国与世界一致,即净初级生产量最大,化石燃料次之,生物质燃料最小,但每种流所占世界的比例并不相同,化石燃料燃烧与矿物采掘最高,均约为世界的1/5,其中煤炭更高达38.4%;②由人为流主导的元素在中国尺度上有59种,世界尺度上有54种;中国尺度与世界尺度主导因素一致的元素有62种,其中人为流主导的有49种,自然流主导的有13种;③两个尺度上流动规模最大的十种元素有所差异,其中中国尺度有铝无硫,而世界尺度正好相反;流动规模大的元素多为自然流主导,总流动量大于1×10^8t的前10种元素有7种为自然主导;小于1×10^8t的66种元素有55种由人为流主导。

英文摘要：

Human activities interfere more and more with elements flows due to the industrial development and technological improvement in China. Elemental flows analysis can help us identify effective measures to slow down the depletion of natural resources and reduce adverse environmental impacts in specific links. In this article, first the national elemental flows of China in 2005 is calculated; then the degree to which human activities interfere with elemental flows is analyze, and after that, the results are compared with those oia a global scale. 77 elements are chosen out of the first 92 ones in the periodic table. The results show that： 1） in terms of mobility scale, the situation in China is the same with that in the rest of the world, with flows from net primary production ranking the highest, fossil fuel flows the second and biomass fuels the lowest. However, the proportion of each flow to the world＇ s level varies. The highest proportions lie in mobilization of fossil fuels and mineral extraction, both at around 1/5. 2） In respect of dominant factor, out of the 77 elements, 59 on the scale of China and 54 on a world scale are dominated by human beings, and 62 elements are dominated by the same factor on both scales （49 by human and 13 by nature）. 3） Top ten mobile elements are mostly the same in the two scales with the difference in aluminum and sulfur. Aluminum is in the top-ten list while sulfur is not in China; on the contrary, sulfur is in the top-ten list of the world but not aluminum. Furthermore, although human dominate over half of all the elements flows, most of the elements with the largest mobility are dominated by the nature, with seven in the top ten elements. Although it is a rough estimation on a national scale and needs improving when it is simplified, the attempt to analyze elemental flows on a macro scale is valuable and meaningful. It provides the method of determining the dominant factors that influence certain elemental flows and points out a direction to carry on study releva