中文摘要：

目的：描述河南省滑县农村地区乙型肝炎表面抗原（hepatitis B surface antigens, HBsAg）流行特征并探索其危险因素，为当地乙型肝炎防控工作提供科学依据。方法：依托安阳食管癌队列研究现场，采用整群抽样选取河南省滑县5个行政村25~65岁居民作为研究对象，分别进行问卷调查及血清学检测。采用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行数据分析。结果：在接受调查的5 104名（参检率92.05%）居民中，HBsAg总体检出率为5.17%，男性高于女性（6.54% vs. 3.87%，P〈0.001），且男、女性均在25~29岁及55~59岁两个年龄组出现感染高峰。此外，非在婚状态（OR=1.80, 95% CI： 1.00~3.25）及每周性交频率高（Ptrend=0.049）也是HBsAg阳性的危险因素。结论：河南省滑县农村地区成人乙型肝炎流行情况总体略低于同期全国平均水平，但25~29岁及55~59岁男性人群及性活跃人群为当地乙型肝炎感染的高危人群，应有针对性地对其开展预防接种及相关健康教育工作，从而进一步降低该人群中乙型肝炎总体流行水平。

英文摘要：

To determine the epidemiological characteristics and associated risk factors of hepatitis B surface antigens （HBsAg） prevalence in rural areas of Hua County, Henan Province, and to provide scientific evidence for Hepatitis B prevention and control in local areas. Methods： On the basis of an ongoing esophageal cancer cohort study in rural Anyang, a total of 5 104 subjects aged 25-65 years were clustered and selected from 5 targeted villages for this study in rural areas of Hua County, Henan Province. HBsAg was detected in their blood samples and a questionnaire was completed by all the subjects in a manner of one-on-one interview. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS for Windows version 13.0. Results： Of the 5 104 studied subjects （overall participation rate： 92.05%）, 5.17% were positive for HBsAg. The detection rate was significantly higher in males than in females （6.54% vs. 3.87%, P〈0.001） and the highest detection rates were observed in the 25-29 and 55-59 years groups in both males and females. Multiple Logistic analyses showed unmarried status （OR=1.80, 95% CI： 1.00-3.25） and high frequency of sexual intercourse （Ptrend =0.049） were associated with higher the risk for hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection. Conclusion： The prevalence of HBsAg in rural Hua County, Henan Province, was slightly lower than the national average of the same time period. More attention should be attached to high risk groups of HBV infection in this population, i.e. males aged 25-29 years and 55-59 years and sexually active population. Immunization and health education projects against hepatitis B should be carried out in this population to further reduce the overall prevalence of hepatitis B.