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中文摘要：
针对不同头部形状弹体低速入水空泡形成、发展特性及其影响因素开展试验研究，用高速摄影仪实时记录了圆头、90～150°锥头弹体入水过程中自由液面的波动特性、空泡的演变过程及入水弹道的稳定性，同时通过对比试验得到弹体入水空泡、入水弹道与入水速度、入水角度之间的关系。试验结果表明，圆头弹体不易形成空泡，但弹道稳定性差；90°锥头弹体倾斜入水时，入水速度越大，空泡的非对称性越强；120°锥头弹体垂直入水速度越大，越易发生表面闭合现象及完整的脱落气泡；150°锥头弹体入水角大于80°时，发生表面闭合现象。在整个入水过程中，弹体速度呈线性衰减，空泡射流速度衰减较快。
英文摘要：
Experimental studies of the water entry of different head types of projectiles are conducted using highspeed photography to capture the cavity-running phase. The water entry of various head shaped projectiles, including elliptical head and cone-shaped head （90°~150°）, is recorded using a high-speed photography;the characteristics of the free surface, evolution of cavity and the trajectory stability of different head shapes are studied;the relationships of the vacuole, water ballistic, and the water-entry velocity and angle are analyzed. The experiments show that elliptical head projectiles can avoid cavity but would lose its trajectory stability. For a projectile with a cone-shaped head of 90° with a given entry angle, the cavity becomes more and more asymmetric as the entering speed increases. However, for a projectile with 120°cone-shaped head, the higher the vertical component of the entry speed, the easier the closing-up phenomenon of cavity will occur and the integrated vacuole form. Using a 150° cone-shaped head projectile, the surface-closure occurs when the entry angle is greater than 80°. In the procedure of water entry, the speed of the projectile attenuates linearly and the speed of cavity water jet decreases quickly.
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