中文摘要：

目的：调查石河子市9-10岁儿童变应性鼻炎（AR）患病率并分析其相关危险因素。方法：设计“石河子市儿童呼吸道疾病问卷调查表”，2008年7月10-25日组织本专业医护人员收集原始资料，调查2300名9-10岁学生。调查分3个阶段：问卷调查阶段、根据问卷结果筛选AR可疑对象并进行专科检查予以确诊阶段、对AR作变应原皮肤点刺试验，以了解常见变应原种类；依据2001年变应性鼻炎及其对哮喘的影响（ARIA）国际标准对结果进行统计学处理。结果：发放问卷总数为2300份，回收2211份，应答率96.1％，有效问卷2205份，有效率95.9％。石河子市9-10岁儿童AR患病率为12.56％（277／2205），其中男11.34％（124／1093），女13.76％（153／1112），男、女患病率差异无统计学意义（X^2=2.924，P〉0.05）；按ARIA标准：持续性44.0％（122／277），其中轻度39.7％（110／277）、中-重度4.3％（12／277）；间歇性56.0％（155／277），其中轻度40.4％（112／277）、中-重度15.5％（43／277）。变应原皮肤点刺试验阳性率为65.3％。常见变应原依次为蒿和屋尘螨。在AR危险因素中，5.4％（15／277）的患儿伴有支气管哮喘，25.3％（70／277）的患儿有家族史。结论：石河子市9-10岁儿童AR患病率为12.56％，初步了解石河子市AR流行病现状，为AR标准化防治提供流行病学资料。

英文摘要：

Objective：To investigate the epidemic features of allergic rhinitis（AR）and correlative risk factors in Shihezi city, Xinjiang province, China. Metbod：A question- naire survey on AR and airway diseases was conducted among 2 300 elementary school children in 12 schools, aged from 9 to 10 years old, from july 10 to 25, 2008 . in Shihezi city, Xinjiang province. Suspects of AR was identified by the survey, then they were recommended to specialist examinations for accurate diagnosis. Allergen skin tests were peformed to explore the allergenic varieties of allergic rhinitis. Diagnosis criteria of AR were that of ARIA （Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma）. Resuit：Two thousand two hundred and eleven questionnaires were returned. The response rate was 96.1% and 2205 questionnaires were available. The prevalence rate of AR in children aged from 9 to 10 was 12.56%（277/2205） in Shihezi city. The difference of prevalence between female 13.76% （153/1112） and male 11.34% （124/1093） was insignificant statistically（X^2=2.924, P〉0.05）. The positive rate of the allergen skin test was 65.3%. The most common allergen of allergic rhinitis were plants of the mugwort and house dust mite. According to the classification criteria of ARIA in 2001, of 155 children suffered from intermittent AR, 112 cases were mild and 43 cases were moderate-severe, while 122 suffered from persistent AR, 110 cases were mild and 12 cases were moderate-severe. 5.4%（15/277） patients with AR also had bronchial asthma. 25.3%（70/277） of the children with AR had inherent predisposition. Conclusion： The prevalence rate of AR in children aged from 9 to 10 in Shihezi city is 12.56%. Strategy of prevention and treatment of AR can be worked out according to the epidemical feature of AR.