中文摘要：

经济转型首先要解决的问题是制造业的更新与升级。文章通过对长三角地区制造业企业问卷调查所得数据,结合对该地区高职教育现状的考察,得出如下结论：在现有条件下,低成本、恶性竞争的产业集群,企业＂一窝蜂＂式的产业选择和技术选择,以及产业地域集中后的＂拥挤效应＂而引致的集群不经济,依然是阻碍长三角地区制造业更新升级的不可忽略的因素。因而从企业层面上来讲,应重视技术型员工在制造业企业中对技术创新的贡献作用;从政府层面讲,要加大对高等职业教育的关注度和投入度,培植具有地方特色与核心竞争力的高等职业教育。

英文摘要：

In order to achieve economic transition,the manufacturing industrial upgrading is the foremost important issue to be resolved.Based on questionnaire survey among the manufacturing entrepreneurs in this region,as well as the current conditions of the higher vocational education,the research shows that low-cost,cutthroat competition,and the crowding effect that leads to an uneconomic industrial cluster,which are the inevitable factors that impede the manufacturing industrial upgrading.In addition,a great deal of manufacturers still keeps their industrial choices and technological choices through the ＂a swarm of bees＂ approach.Therefore,in the context of manufacturing entrepreneurs,enough emphasis should be laid on the contribution to technical innovation made by skilled artisan,and in the context of government,more investment and attention should be paid to higher vocational education in order to foster the higher vocational education with regional features and core competences.