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中文摘要：
为保障2014年青奥会空气质量和制定控制措施提供科学支持,利用2013年8月南京市气溶胶的观测资料,结合气象要素,分析了南京地区气溶胶浓度变化特征,并深入研究了气溶胶质量浓度与相对湿度对能见度的影响.结果表明,观测期间PM10和PM2.5质量浓度平均值分别为67.44μg·m-3和31.92μg·m-3,0.1~10μm粒径范围内的气溶胶粒子数浓度和体积浓度的平均值分别为2466.25 cm-3和19.89μm3·cm-3;对数正态分布(log-normal)拟合平均谱分布得到两个模态的中值粒径分别为0.19μm和1.12μm;局地源强是影响南京气溶胶浓度的重要因子;PM10和PM2.5质量浓度日变化略有差异,PM10浓度日变化主要受交通和边界层活动影响,PM2.5浓度日变化则主要受交通排放和光化学反应生成的二次污染物的影响;对能见度的统计分析表明,能见度随PM2.5浓度和相对湿度的增加而降低,当相对湿度小于70%时,PM2.5浓度对能见度的影响较大,当相对湿度大于70%时,相对湿度对能见度的影响较大.
英文摘要：
To provide scientific support for improving air quality and for the policy-making during the Youth Olympic Games, the characteristics of aerosol concentration variation was analyzed with the data obtained during August in Nanjing, 2013. And further analysis was carried out to find the relationship between visibility and aerosol mass concentration as well as relative humidity (RH). The results show that the average mass concentration of PM10 and PM2. 5 are 67. 44 μg·m - 3 and 31. 92 μg·m - 3 , respectively. Integrated particle number and volume concentrations with diameter between 0. 1 and 10 μm are 2 466. 25 cm - 3 and 19. 89 μm3·cm - 3 , respectively. A log-normal size distribution with 10-based logarithm applied to fit the measured aerosol size distributions shows two models with median diameters of 0. 19 μm and 1. 12 μm. Aerosol concentration in Nanjing is mainly affected by local source. The diurnal pattern of PM10 is influenced by the traffic density and the activity of boundary layer, while the daily variation of PM2. 5 is slightly different because of the effects of traffic density and the formation of secondary pollutants during photochemical process. Statistical analysis on visibility reveals that visibility decreases with the increasing aerosol concentration and RH, PM2. 5 concentration dominates the change of visibility when RH is less than 70% , while RH contributes more on the change for RH in excess of 70% .
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