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中文摘要：
外二醇双加氧酶（EDOs）是一种多功能细菌芳烃开环氧化酶,在环境保护、化工合成及生物技术等领域中有着巨大的应用潜力.本文综述了EDOs自开发以来的研究成果,包括分类学研究,酶的催化机制,在生物降解、生物合成、生物技术中的应用及其开发改造新技术.EDOs属于3个进化关系相互独立的酶家族,它们利用活性位点金属离子Fe/Mn（II）与底物和氧气结合,通过形成一种烷基过氧化中间产物,使芳香化合物开环断裂.利用这一催化机制,EDOs可以广泛地降解多种环境污染物,同时,某些EDOs还能够参与生物活性物质的合成,并且在生物传感器等生物技术中也有着广泛的应用.近年来,结合宏基因组、杂交酶等技术手段,研究人员开发改造出更多的EDOs资源,旨在为EDOs的深入研究提供更全面的信息.
英文摘要：
As a type of bacterial aromatic ring-cleavage enzymes with versatile functions,extradiol dioxygenases（EDOs） have broad application in the field of environmental protection,chemical synthesis and biotechnologies.This paper reviewed the achievements of EDOs researches including the studies on their classification,catalytic mechanism,the application in biodegradation,biosynthesis,biotechnologies and the novel methods for extracting and modify EDOs.EDOs belong to three evolutionarily independent families,which utilize Fe（II） or Mn（II） as metal ions to catalyze the oxygenolytic fission of aromatic compounds via iron-alkylperoxo intermediates by the incorporation of substrates and O2.Through this mechanism,EDOs possess broad substrates spectra,and often take part in the biosynthesis of active compounds.Meanwhile,EDOs play an important role in the biotechnology such as biosensors.Recently,combined with the technology of metagenomic,hybrid enzymes,more and more EDOs were extracted and modified to provide a general message for the in depth study of EDOs.
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