中文摘要：

以竹材为原材料,氢氧化钾作活化剂,用微波加热氢氧化钾活化法制备竹炭。用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、循环伏安、恒流充放电和交流阻抗法研究了活化时间对竹炭材料性质的影响。结果表明：活化对竹炭的结构没有明显影响,但对其表面形貌和电化学性能影响较大。活化时间为5,10,15,20,25 min时,竹炭样品的质量比电容分别为195,134,151,137,124 F/g。在最佳活化时间（5 min）条件下,制备的竹炭电极材料表现出优良的电容行为和循环稳定性能,即使经过250次充放电循环,放电比电容仍然保持在176 F/g,500 mA/g电流密度时的容量保持率高达90%以上。

英文摘要：

Using bamboo as raw material and KOH as activator,bamboo charcoal（BC） was prepared by KOH activation-microwave irradiation method.Effects of the activation time on properties of the products were investigated by means of XRD,SEM,cyclic voltammetry,galvanostatic charge/discharge,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.Results showed that KOH activation had no obvious effect on the crystalline structure of BC particles,while it did influence on the particle′s surface morphology and electrochemical performance greatly.Mass specific capacitances of BC were 195,134,151,137 and 124 F/g at the activation time of 5,10,15,20 and 25 min,respectively.As prepared BC exhibited excellent capacitance and cycle stability when at the optimum activation time of 5 min.Under 500 mA/g,after 250 times charge/discharge the discharge specific capacitance of BC still reached 176 F/g and the capacity retention rate was over 90%.