中文摘要：

甲板起重机底座上都开有人孔,其尺寸较大,对底座结构强度有很大影响,因此对开孔部位进行应力分析、强度校核并进行优化具有重要意义.根据实际尺寸和设计要求,建立了带有人孔的新型甲板起重机底座有限元模型,分析了底座开孔周围区域的应力分布情况,结果表明底座在相应载荷作用下满足强度要求.通过改变人孔的位置,得到了底座应力变化规律,提供了底座人孔位置的设计原则.在此基础上,把钢板厚度和人孔圆角半径作为设计变量,对底座作轻量化研究,使得材料的性能得到充分利用.

英文摘要：

Manhole needs to be opened on the pedestal of deck cranes, which has a great influence on the strength of pedestal. It is important to have stress analysis, strength check and optimization near the hole. In the text, a detailed finite element model is developed according to the real size and the design requirements. A stress distributing regulation of pedestal with manhole is found, and the result shows that the strength of pedestal under relevant load action can meet with the strength requirements. Also, the stress changing regulation is got through changing the location of the manhole, which offer proofs on the location of manhole on pedestal. On this basis, it optimizes the weight through changing the steel plate thickness and the fillet size of manhole, making full use of the material performance.