中文摘要：

内群体偏好是群际关系中较为普遍现象。但是,近来研究发现,在低地位群体中存在着外群体偏好现象。社会认同理论、社会优势理论和系统公正理论从不同角度对这一现象进行了解释。社会认同理论关注情境因素的作用,它描述了在何种情境下,外群体偏好可能会出现。社会优势理论认为,低地位群体成员的社会优势取向水平会决定其究竟是反抗现状还是接受现状。系统公正理论提出,系统公正动机会使低地位群体成员支持与其内群体利益相违背的现存等级系统。每个理论各有优劣之处,将各理论进行整合是值得考虑的研究方向。本文提出,在解释低地位群体的外群体偏好现象时,社会认同与社会优势取向之间可能会存在交互作用。

英文摘要：

Ingroup favoritism is common in intergroup relationship. However, recent studies have found that the members of low-status groups may show outgroup favoritism. Social identity theory, social dominance theory and system justification theory elucidate the outgroup favoritism among the members of low-status groups from different perspectives. Social identity theory focuses on the effect of context, and it demonstrates the conditions in which outgroup favoritism emerges. Social dominance theory explains the phenomenon in terms of social dominance orientation. It is social dominance orientation that affects disadvantaged groups＇ choice between rebellion and acceptance of the social status quo. System justification theory suggests that system justification motive impulses the members of low-status groups to support the existing social order in opposition to their interests. Each of these theories has both its strength and its weakness. Thus it is reasonable to integrate the ideas from these theories. It is argued that there is an interaction between social identity and social dominance orientation in explaining outgroup favoritism among the members of low-status groups.