中文摘要：

摘要：采用7对微卫星引物对塔什库尔干、多浪渠首、木扎提河、玉龙喀什河和喀拉喀什河5个群体共计114尾塔里木裂腹鱼遗传多样性进行比较分析。7对引物在5个群体中共扩增出34个条带，扩增片段在105～370bp。计算群体间遗传距离发现，玉龙喀什河群体（Y）与塔什库尔干群体（T）间的遗传距离最大、与喀拉喀什河群体（K）间的遗传距离最小。基于遗传距离构建的UPGMA聚类树明显分为2支。塔里木裂腹鱼群体遗传多样性的AMO-VA分析结果显示，群体内遗传变异为87．84％，群体间遗传变异为12．16％。整个种群F统计数Фst为0．12161（P〈0．01），群体间遗传分化显著，且塔什库尔干群体遗传多样度最高。

英文摘要：

Population variations and genetic structures of five Schizothorax biddulphi populations （ Tashikuergan, Duolang headworks, Muzhati River, Yulongkashi River, Kalakashi River） were analyzed using seven pairs of mic- rosatellite primers. A total of 34 bands were amplified by all primers in five populations and the sizes of amplified fragments were from 105 bp to 370 bp. The genetic distance between Yulongkashi River population （Y） and Tash- ikuergan population （T） was the largest while the genetic distance between Yulongkashi River population （Y） and Kalakashi River population （K） was the smallest. UPGMA cluster tree which was constructed based on genetic dis- tance was divided into two branches. The AMOVA results showed that variance within populations accounted for 87.84% and among populations accounted for 12.16%. The value of the F-statistic （Фst） was 0. 121 61 （P 〈 0. 01 ） which meant there were significant genetic differentiations among populations, and the Tashikuergan popula- tion had the highest genetic diversity.