目的探讨外周血淋巴细胞亚群异常在多发性肌炎和皮肌炎中的临床意义。方法用流式细胞仪检测89例多发性肌炎,皮肌炎患者外周血淋巴细胞标记分子的表达情况,分析淋巴细胞亚群,,变化与疾病临床特点之间的关系。采用方差分析,独立样本t检验,r检验及多因素Logistic回归分析进行统计学处理。结果外周血CD3±、CD3±CD4±和CD3±CD8±细胞计数在初治并处于活动期的庞肌炎患者[分别为(8±4),(5.4±2.8)和(2.6±1.6)×10^8/L]明显低于非活动期皮肌炎患者[(16±6),(10.4±5.6)和(5.6±3.8)×10^8/L]和健康对照[(14±4),(8.3±2.8)和(4.6±1.7)×10^8/L)](F=12.901,8.257,7.084;P值均〈0.05),活动期和非活动期的皮肌炎患者CD19+CD5-细胞百分比[分别为(13.9±8.3)%和(14.2±7.0)%)则明显高于健康对照[(6.9±2.1)%],差异具有统计学意义(F=21.443;P值均〈0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,多发性肌炎/皮肌炎患者肌炎活动视觉模拟评估工具.疾病总活动度评分是患者外周血CD3+,CD3±CD4±和CD3+CD8±细胞计数减低的独立影响因素(b值:0.211,0.344,0.289;P值均〈0.05);多发性肌炎/皮肌炎合并间质性肺疾病(ILD)是CD3±细胞计数减低及CD3±CD4±细胞百分比减低的独立影响因素(b值=0.928,1.974;P值均〈0.05)。另外Logistic回归分析发现,CD3±CD8±细胞数减低是多发性肌炎,皮肌炎死亡的独立危险因素(b值=-0.011,OR=0.989;P〈0.05)。结论外周血淋巴细胞亚群在多发性肌炎/皮肌炎疾病活动期明显异常,合并ILD可能影响部份外周淋巴细胞亚群的数量,而CD8+T细胞计数明显降低的患者死亡危险将增加。淋巴细胞亚群检测结果对临床评估多发性肌炎,皮肌炎病情活动及预后有重要指导意义。
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). Methods Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets was determined by flow cytometry in 89 patients with polymyositis(PM) or dermatomyositis (DM). The association between clinical features and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets was analyzed by F test, t test and X2 test. Results Patients with active DM showed significant decreases in counts of CD3± cell, CD3±CD4± cell and CD3+CD8+ ce11[(8±4), (5.4±2.8) and (2.6±1.6) xl0S/L respectively], compared with those in inactive DM [(16±6), (10.4±5.6) and (5.6±3.8)×10^8/Lrespectively] and healthy controls [(14±4), (8.3±2.8) and (4.6-±1.7) ×10^8/Lrespeetively](F=12.901, 8.257, 7.084; P〈0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that myositis disease activity could influence the counts of peripheral blood CD3+ cell, CD3+CD4+ cell and CD3+ CD8+ cell (b=0.211, 0.344, 0.289; P〈0.05). ILD in IIM could influence the counts of CD3+ cell and the ratio of CD3+CD4+cell (b=0.928, 1.974; P〈0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the count of CD3+CD8+ cell was risk factor for death, and the relative risk was 0.989 (b=-0.011; P〈0.05). Conclusion Peripheralblood lymphocyte subsets may be regarded as useful laboratory parameters for monitoring RA disease activity. Decreased CD8+ T cell may predict a poor outcome of pritients with IIM.