中文摘要：

厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）以NH4^＋为电子供体,NO2^-为电子受体,无需经过硝化和反硝化过程直接生成N2从而实现脱氮,是传统硝化、反硝化脱氮工艺的突破。电子受体是Anammox的关键物质。随着对Anammox的深入研究,发现多种电子受体可在厌氧条件下转化NH4^＋,为Anammox的广泛应用提供了理论支撑。介绍了NO2^-、SO4^2-和Fe^3＋作为Anammox的电子受体转化NH4^＋的反应机制,对目前机制分析中存在争议的方面进行了探讨,并对多种电子受体下的Anammox研究进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation （Anammox） directly generate N2 with NH4^＋ as electron donor and NO2 as electron acceptor to achieve nitrogen removal without nitrification and denitrification, which is a breakthrough in the traditional nitrification and denitrification process.The electron acceptor is the key substance of the process. With the further research to Anammox, other electron acceptors were found to oxidate NH4^＋ under anaerobic condition, which provided a theoretical support for the wide application of Anammox. In this paper,the mechanisms of the conversion of ammonium with NO2,SO4^2- and Fe^ 3＋ as electron acceptor of Anammox were reviewed and the inconsistent aspects at present were analyzed .Finally the research of various electron acceptors of Anammox were prospected.