中文摘要：

目前普遍认为肿瘤起源于干细胞，是一种干细胞疾病。大量研究表明胃肠道肿瘤起源于正常胃肠黏膜的干／祖细胞，胃肠道干／祖细胞积累的突变导致了肿瘤的发生。近年来也有实验发现在慢性胃黏膜损伤的条件下，骨髓干细胞可迁移到胃参与胃黏膜损伤的修复及胃黏膜的癌变。已有研究还表明胃肠道肿瘤发生发展过程中常伴随着参与正常干细胞增殖和分化调控的信号传导通路失调，提示干细胞增殖分化调控异常与胃肠道肿瘤发生密切相关。

英文摘要：

It is generally accepted that tumour originates from the stem cells and is a kind of diseases of stem cells. Numerous researches indicate that gastroenteric tumours originate from the normal gastrointestinal mucosa＇s stem cells or progenitor cells, and tumour cells might arise from mutations accumulated in the gastrointestinal stem cells or progenitor cells. Recent experiments discovered that bone marrow stem cell, with chronic injury of gastric mucosa, would engraft in the stomach and participate repair to gastric mucosal injury and gastric mucosal canceration. Previous studies manifested that gastroenteric tumorigenesis and development was accompanied with the mistuning of signalling pathway that regulated proliferation and differentiation of the normal stem cells.These studies suggest that there is a close relationship of the abnormal regulation of signalling pathway of the stem cells proliferation and differentiation with gastrointestinal tumorigenesis.