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中文摘要：
流行性感冒是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病。2009年暴发的甲型H1N1大流感在世界范围内引起了极大的恐慌并造成了巨大的经济损失，预防和控制新型流感成为科学家们研究的重点和难点。由于抗原变异频繁．疫苗研发滞后．使得针对流感病毒蛋白保守结构设计的靶向性、广谱药物的研制十分紧迫。流感病毒囊膜蛋白神经氨酸酶精细结构的解析，为设计合成新型抗流感药物提供了基础，对于流感的预防和治疗具有重要意义。文章主要对以结构为基础的抗流感病毒神经氨酸酶抑制剂．如达菲和瑞乐沙等的设计和研发进行回顾总结，强调结构对于靶向性药物设计的重要作用．希望通过此文讨论新药研发的可行方向。
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