中文摘要：

盐酸甲基麻黄碱、蒂巴因、磷酸可待因和乙酰可待因是毒品和药物中常见的生物碱．一些研究表明，这些生物碱具有多种生理活性和药理疗效，如镇静、镇痛、镇咳、抑制肠胃蠕动及抑制呼吸等，还具有一定的毒性和麻醉性，连续服用易产生习惯成瘾问题．近年来，吸毒和药物滥用对人们的生活和社会安定构成了极大威胁，成为备受关注的社会问题．因此，发展准确、灵敏、简便的检测尿样等体液中毒品类物质的分析方法具有重要意义．

英文摘要：

A new approach for the determination of methylephedrine hydrochloride （ ME）, thebaine, codeine phosphate （ CP）, and aeetylcodeine （ AC ） was established by CE-ECL with ionic liquid （ 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, BMIMBF4 ）. The conditions for the CE separation, ECL detection and the effect of ionic liquid（IL） were systematically investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the four analytes were well separated within 8 min using BMIMBF4 as additive in the electrophoretic buffer. The concentration detection limits of ME, thebaine, CP, and AC were 2. 1 ×10^-8, 1.4 ×10^-7, 6.3 ×10^-8, and 3.6 ×10^-8 mol/L （S/N=3）, respectively. The limits of quantitation （LOQ, S/N = 10） in real human urine samples were 7.6 × 10^-7 moL/L for ME, 3.6 × 10^-6 mol/L for thebaine, 6.5 × 10^-7 mol/L for CP, and 4. 6 × 10^-7 mol/L for AC, respectively. The recoveries of four alkaloids at different levels in human urine samples were between 90. 0% and 103.5%. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of four drug alkaloids in human urine samples.