中文摘要：

系统阐述了共代谢的作用机理及在分解和转化土壤、地下水及废水中难降解有机污染物的应用研究进展,指出共代谢效果受多重因素的影响。共代谢作用的高效发挥需在综合考虑各制约因素的同时,需要在理论及实践层面进行不断探索及创新。难降解有机物生物共代谢途径的解析、各代谢环节关键酶及编码基因的定位,以及环境适应能力强、污染物降解效果好和遗传性能稳定的微生物的筛选和开发将是未来生物共代谢的重点研究方向。

英文摘要：

The paper is intended to review the research advances on the microbial co-metabolism of the refractory organic pollutants in the environmental pollution controls. As is known, it is a common problem and challenge to remove various refractory organic pollutants in water bodies, atmosphere and soil environments. Different programs have been organized and various methods have been tested to decompose and convert these refractory organic pollutants into harmless substances. However, most of the pollution control methods are only tested in the laboratory scale and full-scale applications are rare. In this review, we summarized the reaction mechanisms of cometabolism and its applications and research advances in decomposing and converting the refractory organic pollutants in the soil, groundwater and wastewater, concluding that various factors account for the efficiency of co-metabolism. In addition, we discussed the possible effects of the types and concentrations of the growth substrates, the sources and categories of the microorganisms, the physicochemical properties of the refractory organic pollutants and the environmental conditions of the polluted sites on the efficiency of cometabolism. Thus, it is necessary to keep constant exploitation and innovation from theoretical and practical perspectives. The development of envi- ronment-friendly growth substrates, the analysis of the co-metabolism pathway of the refractory organic pollutants, the location of the key enzymes and the according coded genes in different metabolism steps, the selection and development of microorganisms with high environmental adaptability, pollutant degradation efficiency and genetic stability will be the future research focuses.