中文摘要：

基于制度经济学视角，本文认为有效制度的构建和激励约束相容的机制设计是地方财政公共支出优化治理的基础和关键所在。具体来说，对地方财政支出结构我们必须从三个方面进行优化治理：首先，通过相关制度变革促进地方政府间财政竞争的有效实施；其次，通过制度改良提高地方政府的治理质量；最后，通过制度强化健全地方公共支出的监管机制。

英文摘要：

Based on the perspective of institutional economics, to further optimize the structure of localfiscal expenditure, the effective system construction and the design of incentive mechanism constraintcompatibility is the key and foundation treatment of local public expenditure, optimization. Specifically,we must optimize the management from three aspects. First of all, the relevant system reform is an effec-tive implementation to promote fiscal competition among local governments; secondly, to perfect the qual-ity of local government is by improving the system; finally, to strengthen supervision mechanism of localpublic expenditure is by reinforcing system.