中文摘要：

为了研究坚硬顶板岩梁的破裂及演化规律,基于能量法分析坚硬顶板岩梁初次垮落时的能量种类及其转化。应用弹-脆性双支梁模型分析基本顶岩梁破裂过程中能量的种类,并计算储存积聚的能量和释放的能量。储存积聚的弹性势能一部分转化为辐射能和热能,这部分能量等价于岩石破裂克服抗拉强度所耗散的能量,另一部分弹性势能将转化为破裂岩块所释放的动能。根据能量守恒定律,给出基本顶单一裂纹破裂的能量判据,并计算能量释放率。通过分析可知,基本顶岩梁储存积聚的弹性势能随上覆岩层重量及开采距离的增大而增大,随基本顶高度的增加而减小;能量释放率与岩梁的抗拉强度、岩梁的厚度成正比,与裂纹扩展速度的平方成正比。

英文摘要：

In order to study the fracture and evolution law of the hard roof rock beam,energy kinds and the energy transformation in the initials collapse process of the hard roof were analyzed based on the energy method. The double beam model of the elastic-brittle was used to analyze the kinds of the energy and calculate the accumulated energy and the released energy in the process of the basic roof fracture. A part of the accumulated elastic potential energy is converted into the radiant energy and heat energy,which is equal to the energy dissipated by rock rupture,and the rest of the elastic potential energy is converted to the kinetic energy of the cracked rock mass. According to the energy conservation law,an energy criterion was given for the basic roof fracture,and the energy releasing rate was calculated. The analysis shows that the elastic potential energy stored in the basic roof rock beam increases with the weight of overlying strata and the distance,decreases with the height of the basic roof,and that the energy releasing rate is proportional to the tensile strength,the thickness of the rock beam,and the square of the velocity of the crack propagation.