中文摘要：

经颈静脉肝内门体分流术（TIPS）的完成涉及两个关键步骤：门静脉分支的穿刺和穿刺点安全性判断，其中穿中门静脉分支是手术成功的前提，也是 TIPS 操作中的关键环节。为了能准确、安全穿刺门静脉分支，目前有若干引导门静脉分支穿刺方法报道，如术中各种途径的间接门静脉造影、磁共振（MR）或 CT 及超声的实时引导等，本文将对这些引导门静脉分支穿刺方法做综述。

英文摘要：

The performance of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt （TIPS） has two key procedures： （1） portal vein branch puncturing, and （2） the correct judgment of the safety of the puncture site. The portal vein branch puncturing is the most important and difficult step for a successful TIPS procedure. Therefore, to find and to establish an proper access to the portal vein is critical. Nowadays, in clinical practice several imaging techniques have been used to localize the portal vein, such as magnetic resonance imaging, sonography, fluoroscopy, arteriography and computed tomography. This article aims to make a general review on these invasive and non - invasive localization techniques when a successful performance of TIPS is expected.