中文摘要：

基于模型诊断的主要思想是：根据系统的逻辑模型以及系统的输入，通过逻辑的推理理论能推导出系统在正常情况下的预期行为，如果观测到的系统实际行为与系统预期行为有差异，则说明系统存在故障．当系统故障时，可通过逻辑的推理理论来确定引发故障的元件集合．由于经典的基于模型诊断采用的是逻辑推理的手段来产生诊断集合，这导致了传统的基于模型诊断算法的效率非常低下．文中在原有模型诊断基础上，重新定义了诊断，并提出了一种用于诊断的诊断图的数据结构．在此基础上给出了一种基于诊断图分析的快速诊断算法．由于文中的诊断方法是一种过程化的方法，与Reiter的模型诊断的基于逻辑的方法有着本质的不同．因此，文中的方法能很好地克服经典模型诊断效率过低的问题，为诊断问题的求解带来新的前景．实验结果证明了这种新的诊断方法的高效性．

英文摘要：

Given the logical model of system and its input, when an observation of system＇s be havior conflicts with the way the system meant to behave, we can determine those components of the system which, when assumed to be functioning abnormally, will explain the discrepancy between the observed and correct system behavior. That is the main idea of model-based diagnosis. The classic diagnosis method is very inefficient because its diagnosis procedure is based on logical reasoning. In this paper, the authors redefine the diagnosis, and introduce a new procedure-based rather than logic-based approach to compute diagnosis based on constructing and analyzing a compact structure which we call a diagnostic graph. It is shown that it is a better choice since the search made by this approach is fundamentally different from the search of classic model-based one. So the approach in this paper can provide a new perspective on the diagnosis problem. Finally, the effectiveness of this methodology is demonstrated by the experimental results.