中文摘要：

目的：研究胶质细胞结合丝素纳米纤维对神经元生长发育的作用，为神经干细胞结合丝素蛋白材料用于临床移植修复神经系统损伤提供实验依据。方法：从新生大鼠脑室下区分离细胞与取自混合培养得来的星形胶质细胞共培养在柞蚕、家蚕2种丝素蛋白溶液制成的材料上，分别选取各时间段的细胞进行β-Ⅲ-tubulin特异性免疫荧光显色，并统计不同时间段神经元在丝素材料上的复杂度。结果：神经元与星形胶质细胞共培养在柞蚕丝素无纺布上（TSF）的复杂度明显比家蚕丝素无纺布（SF）高。结论：柞蚕、家蚕丝素无纺布结合星形胶质细胞支持神经元的生长，具有良好的生物相容性；胶质细胞结合柞蚕丝素无纺布比家蚕丝素无纺布更适合神经元的生长发育。

英文摘要：

Objective： To explore effect of glial cells on the growth and development of neurons seeded on the regenerated silk fibroins, and to provide experimental basis for clinical transplantation for repairing the injured nerve. Methods： Neurons derived from subventricular zone of neonatal rats were respectively seeded on antheraea pernyi silk fibroin and bombyx mori silk fibroin, or these two scaffolds preseeded with glial cells. Attachment, morphology, growth and phenotype of neurons were detected. Results： Seeded on these two scaffolds only, few survival neuron was found since the 4^th day. Presented with the glial cells, the neurons exhibited mature morphlogical features, and total number of branches and primary dentrites of neurons grown on the antheraea pernyi silk fibroin were significantly exceed than those on the bombyx mori silk fibroin. Conclusion： Even though both the antheraea pernyi silk fibroin and the bombyx mori silk fibroin have good biocompatibility, the glial cells are pivotal to the neurons growth. Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin is preferred to use as biomaterial in nerve regeneration.