中文摘要：

卵巢上皮性肿瘤（EOC）是死亡率最高的妇科恶性肿瘤,也是导致妇女癌症死亡的第五大病因。为了延长晚期EOC患者的生存期,克服化疗耐药是治疗的重要措施。微小RNA（miRNAs）能调控与耐药相关的多种基因,是化疗耐药的研究热点。多种miRNAs在EOC中异常表达,联合检测血浆中miR-205和let-7f可以提高EOCⅠ期的诊断准确性;miR-484,miR-642,miR-217和miR-181a可预测耐药的发生,miR-509-3p,miR-145,miR-181a,miR-34可抑制铂类耐药细胞株的增殖;miR-34c是唯一的可作为无复发的独立预测标志物,miR-519与高级别浆液性癌（HGSOC）的低生存率有关。总结和讨论miRNAs在EOC诊断及治疗上的应用。

英文摘要：

Epithelial ovarian tumor （EOC） is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, and it is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths in women. In order to improve survival in women with advanced EOC, it is important to overcome the drug resistance. miRNAs can act on multiple genes associated with a chemoresistant phenotype, which have been the promising tools in this regard. miRNAs deregulation has been identified as an important feature in EOC. Combination of miR-205 and let-7f expression in plasma samples of EOC patients provided high diagnostic accuracy for stage Ⅰdisease in EOC;miR-484, miR-642, miR-217 and miR-181a can predict resistance, miR-509-3p, miR-145, miR-181a miR-34 can inhibit proliferation of platinum resistant cell lines;miR-34c is the only markers as predictor of relapse, miR-519 is related with low survival rate. The function of miRNAs as prognostic and therapeutic tools in EOC was summarized here.