中文摘要：

在 2006， Shinya Yamanaka 在房间出版的一篇文章使干细胞研究社区大吃一惊。由执行系统的制动火箭，因素的病毒的 transduction 在胚胎的茎(ES ) 充实房间，作者表明了老鼠成纤维细胞的 reprogramming 进一个 ES 像房间的状态。这些细胞，给某人施洗礼的 iPS (导致的 pluripotent 茎) 细胞，立即作为开创性的发现被认出。随后，一样的作者和另外的组与人的成纤维细胞报导了类似的成就。二年以后， iPS 上的最优秀的论文的数字是令人震惊的，并且对科学界的兴趣升起了到发烧程度。但是尽管 iPS 有潜力革命化再生药，重要问题仍然保持未答复。从包括我们的世界范围的多重实验室的工作集中于译解 iPS 的分子的机制，并且试着改进这种技术为诊所使它合适。在这篇评论文章，我们简短讨论 iPS 的过去，礼品和未来，与要解决的迫切问题上的强调。

英文摘要：

In 2006, an article published in Cell by Shinya Yamanaka took by surprise the stem cell research community. By performing systematic retroviral transduction of factors enriched in embryonic stem （ES） cells, the authors demonstrated the reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts into an ES cell-like state. These cells, baptized iPS （induced pluripotent stem） cells, were immediately recognized as a ground-breaking discovery. Subsequently, the same authors and other groups reported a similar achievement with human fibroblasts. Two years later, the number of top quality papers on iPS is astonishing, and interest in the scientific community has risen to a fever pitch. But although iPS has the potential to revolutionize Regenerative Medicine, important questions still remain unanswered. Work from multiple laboratories worldwide including ours is focused on deciphering the molecular mechanisms of iPS, and trying to improve the technique to make it suitable for the clinic. In this review article we briefly discuss the past, present and future of iPS, with emphasis on urgent issues to be solved.