中文摘要：

本文从工业结构合理化与高度化两个方面来衡量工业结构的优化与升级，并结合其内在含义对工业结构合理化和高度化的衡量方法进行了改进；在测算中国工业结构合理化和高度化水平的基础上，实证考察了中国工业结构合理化和高度化的长短期关系。结果发现，中国工业结构的合理化水平和高度化水平都呈现着波动式的上升趋势，且工业结构高度化是引导工业结构合理化演进的长短期原因，但反向的因果关系却不存在。

英文摘要：

This paper measures the optimizing and upgrading of China＇s IndustriM Structure from two aspects of the rationalization and the optimization of industrial structure. Combined with their inherent meaning, it improves the measurement methods of the rationalization of industrial structure and the optimization of industrial structure. Then, it calculates the rationalization and optimization level of China＇s industrial structure. On the basis, it makes an empirical study on the relationship of rationalization of industrial structure and optimization of industrial structure. The results show that the rationalization and the optimization of China＇s industrial structure have shown an upward trend with fluctuations, and there exists the causality from optimization of industrial structure to rationalization of industrial structure, but the reverse causalitv does nn~ ex~