中文摘要：

视网膜退行性疾病,如年龄相关性黄斑变性、视网膜色素变性、青光眼视神经萎缩等,是以视神经细胞、感光细胞及视网膜色素细胞等退行性变为主要特征的一类疾病,是目前主要的致盲性眼病,一直以来都认为成熟哺乳动物视网膜细胞缺乏有效的自我修复及再生能力,因此视网膜细胞凋亡具有不可逆性,目前还缺乏有效的促进视网膜再生方法,而干细胞以其独有的具有向目的细胞分化增殖,以取代变性、凋亡细胞的生物学特性,可作为一种替代疗法,为视网膜细胞的再生、恢复视功能提供了新的思路.本文从视网膜干细胞的来源及其在视网膜退行性疾病的应用进行综述.

英文摘要：

·Retinal degeneration diseases, including age related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa and glaucoma optic atrophy etc, are characterized by the degeneration of retinal neural cells, retinal photoreceptor cells and retinal pigment epithelium cells, etc. Retinal degeneration diseases are the main cause of blindness. It has been generally assumed that the mature mammalian retinal cell is devoid of repair and regenerative capability, hence it＇s irreversible of retinal cell apoptosis. Currently, there is no efficient method to regenerate retinal organ. However, stem cell would hold great promise to restore visual function, so as to provide an alternative medical care with the biological property of differentiation and proliferation into target cells to replace degenerated retinal cells. This review focus on the sources of retinal stem cells and their applications on retinal degeneration diseases.