中文摘要：

糖尿病视网膜病变（diabetic retinopathy,DR）是糖尿病患者糖代谢异常造成的不可逆盲的严重眼部并发症,而黄斑水肿是导致DR患者视力下降的主要原因之一。目前认为是由多种因素参与的一个复杂的病理过程,与视网膜内外屏障破坏有关,导致了黄斑区的异常增厚水肿。目前主要的治疗方法有激光光凝、药物治疗及手术。由于炎症介质是引起糖尿病黄斑水肿（diabetic macular edema,DME）的重要因素,因此药物治疗是DME主要的治疗措施之一。本文就DME的相关危险因素和药物治疗的现状进行综述。

英文摘要：

Diabetic retinopathy （ DR ） due to disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism is the most serious ocular complication in patients with diabetic disease, and diabetic macular edema （ DME） is one of the main causes of vision loss. lt is considered that many factors are involved in DME pathological process. DME is defined as an abnormal thickening of the macular associated with the accumulation of excess fluid in the extracellular space of the neurosensory retina. Nowadays, the main treatment methods of DME include pharmacotherapy, laser photocoagulation and surgery. lnflammatory components within the vascular tissue play an important role in the development of DME, so drug therapy is an important method for DME. ln this review, we summarized the risk factors and the current pharmacotherapy situation of DME.