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中文摘要：
页岩储层中有纳米孔、微米孔、微裂隙、人工裂缝等储集空间和运移通道,多尺度的孔隙结构使气体具有扩散、滑脱、达西渗流等多种流动形式。当储层压力、温度、应力改变时,赋存气体的运动状态、孔隙结构会发生改变,使渗流复杂化。利用毛管束模型和平板模型,分别讨论了扩散、吸附、应力解吸对页岩中气体渗流的影响。研究表明：①当温度一定时,在低压小孔隙中,气体的扩散主要是Kudsen扩散;当压力和孔径变大时,则以Fick扩散为主;②在低压小孔隙储层中,扩散对渗流影响不可忽略;但当压力和孔径达到一定值后,可以忽略扩散的影响;③滑脱对气体渗流的影响程度与压力和孔隙尺度有关;④吸附会减小孔隙直径,影响气体渗流,孔隙越小,吸附对渗流的影响越严重;⑤随有效应力的增加,页岩渗透率降低;页岩中裂缝越多,渗透率降低越显著;气体解吸后页岩的渗透率变大。
英文摘要：
Shale has nano-and micro-pores, micro fissures and artificial fractures, which are the storage spaces and transport channels for the shale gas. The multi-scale pore structures can result in many types of flow in shales, including diffusion, slippage, Darcy flow and so on. When the reservoir pressure, temperature and （or） stress changes, the adsorbed gas can be desorbed and the pore structure deforms which makes the flow complicated. On the bais of capillary tube model and plate model constructed, the effect of diffusion and adsorption, effective stress and desorption on the seepage of shale gas were studied. The results show that：① When reservoir temperature is constant, the Kudsen diffusion is the main form in small and low-pressure pores and Fick diffusion is changed to the main form when the pore size and pressure become larger. ② Diffusion can not be neglected in low-pressure and small pores, unless the pressure and pore size is larger enough; ③ The effect of slippage on gas flow is related to the pressure and the size of pores, and it is an important factor; ④ The adsorption of gas can decrease the pore diameter and has a more notable effect in small pores, the smaller the pores, the more notable the effect; ⑤The per- meability decreases with the effective stress increasing. The permeability decrease greatly for shales with more cracks. The permeability become larger when the adsorption gas begins to desorb.
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