中文摘要：

为研究生物质在鼓泡流化床热解过程中床料与生物质颗粒的混合流动特性,设计制造了可以进行可视化流场研究的透明流化床实验台。以20~40目石英砂为床料,利用高速摄影仪对50,80,110 mm 3种静止床层高度下的流动特性进行了可视化研究,获得了不同床高对床层压降、稀相区高度以及气泡大小的影响规律。研究结果表明,床层高度为80 mm时,床层压降波动小,气泡形成均匀,无大气泡产生,整体流化效果最好。以石英砂和玉米秸颗粒为原料,利用PIV技术,在操作风速为0.56,0.69,0.82 m/s,混合质量比为20∶1,30∶1,40∶1的工况下进行实验,获得了操作风速以及混合质量比对颗粒横向速度及纵向速度分布的影响。研究结果发现：随着表观风速的增加,其横向速度整体增加平缓,中心区粒子总体表现横向速度较小,过渡区粒子流动复杂;轴向速度增加较大,中心区上升颗粒的数量增加,中心区颗粒纵向速度比边壁区增加明显;石英砂与玉米秸颗粒的质量比越大,颗粒横向速度略微增加,中心区向上流动的颗粒及纵向速度显著增加,纵向速度分布更加分散。

英文摘要：

A transparent fluidized bed test apparatus was designed and fabricated for simulating the cold state mixed flow of quartz sand and biomass particles in the biomass pyrolysis process. High speed photography was conducted in the transparent fluidized bed test apparatus using quartz sand 20-40 meshes as the bed material, which the static bed heights were 50 mm, 80 mm and 110 mm, respectively. The parameters of fluidization state including the bed pressure drop, the height of dilute phase zone, bubble size change were measured. The results showed that fluidization effect was more appropriate in the 80 mm bed height than the other two heights. Then the flow field of 80 mm static bed height was measured by quantitative PIV technique, and the velocity field of corn stalk particles 20-40 meshes were studied in the ratio of quartz sand and biomass was 20：1, 30：1 and 40：1 at operation wind speed of 0.56 m/s, 0.69 rn/s and 0.82 m/s, respectively. And the transverse velocity and longitudinal velocity distribution under different conditions were obtained. It showed with the increasing of the apparent wind speed, the axial velocity increased significantly while the transverse velocity of mixed particles increased slowly, and the central particle axial velocity increased more obviously than that side wall. With the decreasing of sand and corn stalk particles ratio, the axial velocity increased significantly while the transverse velocity of mixed particles increased slowly, and the number of rising particles increased in center. The axial velocity distribution was more scattering than that transverse velocity.