中文摘要：

动静态光散射技术是研究蛋白质等大分子物质尺寸、分布、形态及构象的一种重要手段，以其快速、便捷、对样品无干扰等特点，逐步深入到生化、物理、医药病理等领域，具有良好的应用前景。本文简要阐述了光散射技术的发展，主要介绍了动静态光散射技术的原理，从流体力学半径、重均分子量、均方根回旋半径以及渗透第二维里系数4个重要的物理参数出发，对近年来动静态光散射技术在蛋白质研究中的应用进行了调研和综述，并对该技术的发展进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Dynamic and static light scattering （DLS and SLS） are important methods for studying the sizes,shapes and conformation of macromolecules. They have been deeply applied in biochemistry,physics,medical pathology and other fields. In this article,the principles for DLS and SLS were introduced,and in addition,recent researches for application of DLS and SLS on proteins were investigated and reviewed by analysing the hydrodynamic radius,weight-average molecular weight,radius of gyration and second virial coefficient,and future development of application of DLS and SLS was prospected.